I have been wanting to write some posts about race for a while after reading and learning a lot from blogs such as American Family and Peter's Cross Station and others. The doll incident has lead to a few conversations among family and friends. So, I thought now would be a good time to commit to doing one.
First, to answer Cheryl's questions about the doll incident: I believe the clerk was Caucasian. And, yes, I do believe she asked me about whether I really intended to buy the black dolls because I was blind. That said, I think she went on about it a bit too long. And then afterwords she was really nice and went to great lengths to make sure we got a 10% off twin discount on another two identical items that we purchased. She was not mean about it. It was just weird. Things like this that have to do with race are often looked at in isolation. Like if someone screws up on the race thing then they are an evil Racist with a capital R, bad person. I have no indication that she had any evil intent towards my ownership of the black dolls. But just that she made way too big of deal out of it for my comfort.
The thing about race in this country, is that there is no way of not looking at things through the race lens because we are all embedded within a racist culture. Each generation, we peel back the layers to expose it for what it really is, but we are still all stuck in the middle of that ugly, rotten onion. I am a racist in the general, denotative definition of the word. I am not an evil, intentional, hateful, overt racist. It may be more accurate to say that I reluctantly have racist tendencies. I try to peel back the layers and expose the truth for what it is and try to prevent others from covering that truth up with their own hatred. Yet, I still am stuck in the middle of the racist culture that we all are embedded in. Unless you've been living on another planet or have been stuck in an attic your whole life, you are most likely a racist as well.
Would I have bought a white doll if one had been available (and I could differentiate it visually from the black one?). This is the question some people have been asking me. (As if the answer is yes, then it negates the whole issue we have to deal with here.) I don't know for sure, but I suspect I would have bought the white dolls. Then I would have rationalized it by saying that there were so few black dolls in the store (true), that I should not take a black doll away from a black child. Although it does not bother me one iota that my kids will get and play with black dolls and I even think that it might be a positive thing for them to play with and care for black dolls. I probably would have picked up a white doll with very little thought. The fact that I even have to ponder this whole doll issue shows how embedded we are in the murkiness of racial issues in our society.
I can easily trace back my racism to my upbringing. Both within my family and community and the culture at large. My earliest memories of race--and by race I mean people of color, because I really didn't know that myself as a white person was just another race--are negative. I never heard the "N" word or other such derogatory racial slurs from my immediate family, but I heard them often from my extended family. I had some uncles and a step-grandfather that spewed trash talk about people of different races on a fairly regular basis. Even though my mother reinforced that this language was unfair and inappropriate, it still ensured that I was aware that people of color were "other," "different," and maybe even "less."
I remember a specific time when I was at my grandparents house and was coloring in a coloring book that I had gotten free from the grocery store. I think it was a "Harlem Globetrotters" coloring book, but at the time, I had no idea who the Harlem Globetrotters were. To color in the basketball player's face and body, I picked up the only crayon I ever picked up to color skin. It was crayola beige (or whatever they called it. You know the crayon I'm talking about.) My step-grandfather (one of the few humans on the face of the earth I have ever met with absolutely no discernible redeeming qualities) completely started yelling at me. "You can't color that N--- white, he's black. Look at that fat lip! You need to learn to tell the difference between a white person and a N---!" Then he picked up the black crayon, and violently scribbled all over the face in the coloring book that I had colored beige. I still can see that big black ugly and mean blob of scribbles that ruined my whole picture. I remember feeling really stupid. Like I should have known, and I had done something horribly wrong. I remember him calling my Asian uncle and cousin "chinks." I had never met them before as they lived far away and I had this picture that they somehow looked like or had something to do with chain link fences???? I just thought chink sounded like a chain link fence. I don't know.
But I never thought to color anyone brown, or anything other than beige. I never saw any black people. Not on TV (with the possible exception of Sesame Street. I think Gordan was probably the first black person I was exposed to). Not in my town in Iowa. Not in my books. Certainly not in my dolls or toys. Dark-skinned people were "other."
One shameful memory I have was the first day of second grade. I went in to my new classroom and sat down at a table. We could sit anywhere on the first day. A few minutes later, a dark-skinned girl came in and sat down at my table. I couldn't figure her out. She didn't look black, but she was dark. Her hair was black and straight. I thought black people all had afros (remember this was the 1970s). I concluded that she was just a very dirty little girl. Like actually with dirt on her face, dirty. I got up and moved to a different table. In turned out that many other kids in my class were also not very welcoming to this girl. Her mother came in one day and we spent the afternoon learning about Guatemala, and the very interesting story of how this girl's family had brought her to the U.S. It was a neat day because we got to skip our classwork and watch films and eat food and look at pictures about this girl's life, both in Guatemala and in the U.S. I felt bad that I had gotten up and moved. We eventually became friends until fifth grade when I moved away.
In another random memory, I remember asking my mother why blacks and whites couldn't marry. I asked why they couldn't, not whether they could or not. I just assumed they couldn't. My mom said that it was because an interracial couple would produce a child that was very strange looking and ugly. I remember her saying that they might have red hair or a disfigured face. Now, you have to realize that my mother came from the same town--with that family--from an earlier generation--and grew up with way less education than I had. What I learned from her about race was probably a huge improvement over what she learned about race from her parents. My mother also evolved in her thinking over time as we all do, but she started from a point way behind where I started. Which was pretty bad. I remember years later we went to a family gathering of her family. We had not gone in years. My cousin had become a new teen mom and had recently had a baby boy with a black father. The baby was sleeping when we got there and the whole family (including asshole step-grandfather) was in the living room. My mom asked if she could see the baby and her niece said she really didn't want to bring him out right then. (Now that I'm a mom, I get it. Let sleeping children lie. I don't know if the grandfather factored in as well.) But my mom was very insistent and I didn't quite get why. So in a bit my cousin brought out the baby and my mom went goofy fawning all over him and holding him and complimenting him and everything. Then, several family members just got up and left the room. I knew that my mom wanted to make a point, like that this is okay and how you need to accept this child. Now, I would have flat out said something, but whether it was out of guilt or spite, my mom wanted it known that she was going to welcome this kid and was at least not so misinformed on biracial babies anymore.
I think that coming from this type of background made me want to NOT be a racist more than anything. Out of spite towards some members of that family, if not that it was just the right thing to do. I didn't have any clue as to how to go about it. But I knew I didn't want to ever be like them. I didn't know any people of color, but I knew that they all couldn't be as bad as all these guys who just sat around doing nothing but drinking, smoking and being hateful assholes.
My suburban Omaha high school had around 2000 kids in it. About 20 of them were black. These kids mostly hung out together. They were actually sort of treated as some kind of novelty by everyone else. One was on the basketball team. He was the only black player on our basketball team. If I remember correctly, he was an average player, not the star of the team points wise. But he was the star of our basketball team. People would chant his name to get the coach to put him in. It was like we were proud that at least we had one black player on the team. We were more legit than the other schools? I don't know.
Another random memory that just makes me cringe now: There was a black girl on the cheerleading squad. Her name was Crystal. I didn't know her at all. Once, I went over to a friend's house. I knew she was friends with her neighbor, a black girl named Chanita. I had heard her talk about Chanita before but I had never really talked to Chanita myself. One time, she had come over to my friend's house and my friend had gone to the kitchen or somewhere. I remember being really uncomfortable, like I didn't know what to say to her. Finally, I said, "So how's cheerleading?" She looked down at her nails and said, kind of exasperated with me, "That's Crystal." So, I felt so uncomfortable about saying something racially stupid, and then I went and said something really stupid. And the other sad thing was, I could tell just by the way she answered me that she had to put up with stuff like all the time. I was just one of the many she dealt with that didn't have a clue.
I wanted to 'get it.' I wanted to do the right thing. But I just didn't know how and was too uncomfortable admitting that. I think I had a real revelation when I was in blind rehab. This is where I really learned that I, too, was a minority and kind of what that meant. I learned from having to study how the media portrays disabled people to question everything the media ever says about anything. I remember watching a debate on Nightline about a blind guy who was the first to sail the Atlantic alone or something and had plans to be the first blind guy to sail around the world. Ted Koppel moderated a debate between him and William F. Buckley, who basically argued that he shouldn't be doing it. And not only that, but that he couldn't possibly have the ability to really enjoy sailing as a blind person. (Nik sails all the time, by the way, on Lake Ontario. He lives for it.) I remember just thinking, "Why is this useless, stupid debate being given an hour on Nightline? Who cares if a blind guy wants to go sailing, sets goals for himself, and enjoys it?" The answer was that because that blind guy has to do every little thing within the context of a culture who thinks disability is a deficit, a problem, a tragedy. Although the nature of the prejudice toward the disabled and racial minorities manifests itself in very different ways, it stems from the same oppression. Privileged people with a sense of entitlement are afraid of the fact that they will eventually have to give up some unearned power to those they've oppressed. It is what keeps disabled people unfairly imprisoned in institutions and it is what keeps black men unfairly imprisoned in jails.
Now I will probably get a bunch of hate mail for comparing the two minority groups, as I always do. (In which I will probably reply: There, there, now. I know, I know. There really is something wrong with the disabled and they really do belong in institutions! And nobody's against the disabled, whereas people hate the blacks! Shush, now. It will all be okay. We will just have to continue this discussion after we've all read a few more books and maybe waited another hundred years.) But, anyway, this is my story and that was part of my journey to figuring out power and oppression in this country and the world.
After blind rehab, and learning more about the disability rights movement, I still didn't know what I was doing. But I did become more comfortable just trying my best to do the right thing. Instead of being all flustered about it, I just tried to do and say the right things, and if I screwed up, I was just comfortable in the fact that I tried and that I would apologize and learn something afterwords. I watched as people fumbled around with me. People who couldn't use words like, "look" and "see" around me and said things like, "Did you watch, oh! sorry! I mean did you listen to that TV program last night? Oh, I'm so sorry!" And I would just tell them that I wouldn't melt away in confusion if they used the words watch or see with me. Its all good. I could tell the difference between the people who tried and the people who just flat out avoided me or speculated about me behind my back. I much preferred those who tried, fumbled and corrected themselves. I thought that perhaps racial minorities might feel the same way.
Also I was in college now, and although still in the Midwest, I was in closer proximity to a much more diverse population. I also started taking opportunities to take classes on multicultural issues. Shannon is right. Some of this learning to be less racist is just about opening book after book after book and learning real sociology, current events related to race and culture, oppression literature, and real history. Not the history that you learned in school. But real history from diverse sources. I have read what I could, but I still could do a lot more work in this area myself. I think that there is a difference between being uneducated and ignorant. Uneducated means that you have not had the opportunity to learn (yet). Ingorant, deriving from the word ignore, means that you purposefully avoid knowledge that you know might challenge your assumptions. I am not free from either lack of education or ignorance. But I do try to identify it when I discover it and try to learn. I don't thin there is any way any one person can know all the history and sociology of all the people on the planet. But when the necessity comes up, I think there is a responsibility to seek out that knowledge.
So I still fumbled around. In my freshman year, the whole small college ate in the same cafeteria. There was the black table, the Asian table, and the other white tables separated mainly by sorority and dorm. I would go up to the black table or the Asian table and ask to sit there. They would let me. Then we would all sit around making polite conversation and feeling uncomfortable. Finally, one of the black girls pulled me aside. She said, "We all like you, and we don't mind you sitting at our table. But wouldn't you feel more comfortable sitting with your dorm mates?" I kind of shrugged. "OK, let me ask you this? If there was a table of all blind people available here, would you sit with them?" "Yes," I said almost too quickly. "But maybe not every day." She asked me why. I said because I have to deal with all these people who don't get me and ask me stupid questions and say stupid things and I have to politely deal with them and I'm always the only disabled one in the class and I can never even skip a class because everyone would know and it gets tiring. If I could sit with a table full of blind people, at least I could relax for part of my day. "Exactly" she said. She suggested that I just sit with them every once in a while and maybe develop relationships with some of them one on one first and then wait to be invited to sit with them. And they did invite me on occasion after that. (Perhaps in part because I had no blind people table to go to.) No one likes to be used as your political point you're trying to prove. My lesson here was that I need to develop genuine relationships with people and earn my friendships in a genuine manner. Plopping myself down at their table like I was so racially above it all was a bit naive and a lot contrived.
Once I was watching a group of black students give a talk in my sociology class about race issues on campus. The Q and A session got heated. And although I actually had some of the same questions as the students (i.e. Why didn't the black people rush the Greek houses and then go off on their own and form their own groups to complain about lack of integration on campus?) I kept my mouth shut and listened. I knew I was as ignorant as the others, but I also saw that these speakers had that same aura about them as I did when I was on panels about blindness and disability. No question phases you because you've heard it all before, you have pat answers down that you can recite in your sleep, and you are oh, so very polite about answering them. But there was an undertone that I recognized. Just slightly underneath the current of the conversation. One of just being so exasperatedly tired of getting into the same old debate again and again. I didn't want to contribute to their exhaustion of the topic. I didn't want to be one of 'those people.' But afterwords, I went up to one of them and said, "I do these panels about disability all the time and I understand how you feel. It does get tiring after a while, doesn't it?"
She looked at me like I was from Mars and said, "I don't know what you think you understand, but you don't understand anything about what it is like to be black in America." Okay. Another blunder for me. Never tell people ever that you understand how they feel unless they offer up the suggestion first (and you are really sure you do). Never take on their problem as if you own it too. This goes for anything. Not just race. I thought, and still think that there are several similar issues between race and disability (and gender and sexual orientation issues as well). However, I misjudged two things. First, I underestimated the effort by which African Americans in particular have had to fight the myth that they were physically or mentally some way inferior. Second, I forgot that she is living in the same ablism vacuum as my racism vacuum. To her, I was physically inferior and she saw no similarity between my situation and hers. Furthermore, she saw my comparison as a threat to the work she was trying to do.
My friendships with people of color that I developed over the years could not be based on the similar experience of oppression we both faced. They had to come out of other, more neutral common interests such as figure skating, a shared major, riding the same bus together for years on end, or disability (which seems to trump race when interracial groups of disabled people get together.) After building the friendship on something safe and common, then we could both dig a bit deeper and learn more about how each of us deals with our minority status.
So over time, I did develop genuine friendships with people of different races. I also learned to better relate to lots of minority families whose children I taught and colleagues that I worked with. I kind of learned that I had to come in having read and understood at least something about their culture, then throw it all out when I met them because everyone relates to their culture in different ways and to different degrees. Then bring bits and pieces of what I knew and questions I had as they naturally came up. I became more and more comfortable around people of different races. But it took, like, years. And it still is not a perfectly natural friendship building process. It is still something I have to calculate and negotiate and override my stupid Midwestern white girl brain sometimes.
And I have to accept that this hardwiring I acquired as a child may never totally just vanish. I have to consciously self monitor my thoughts sometimes and kick myself in the brain sometimes. Once, just a few months ago, I walked up to a Wendy's with my dad, and there were a bunch of black teenagers in hoodies hanging around outside. In my head, subconsciously, I starting hearing that song "Gansta's Paradise." I had to stop myself and just mentally kick the shit out of my brain. I knew that if those kids had been white, I wouldn't have even noticed them. I partly blame stupid TV and movies for imprinting this message in my head, that a group of young black kids are going to be gangsters. But I have to take responsibility myself for that by always being vigilant with my thoughts and attitudes. Always thinking things through and checking my thought process. Always fessing up to my poor hardwiring and my stupidity sometimes and being open to keep learning and improving.
One thing I decided long ago to always do is to speak up when I witness racially charged language or actions. I used to hang out with my boyfriend, the mechanic from Western Nebraska, and his rural Nebraskan mechanic friends. They would sometimes tell racially inappropriate jokes. My boyfriend didn't participate in my presence, for that would have been a deal breaker. But he didn't say anything to them either. Finally, I told him that I was going to say something every time a stupid racial joke came out of his friend's mouth and I expected him to back me up. I usually said something along the lines of "Who are you guys but a bunch of Sandhills hillbilly bumpkins who can't read anything but the sponsors on Nascar? I don't understand why you don't like it when people call you hicks or grease monkeys, yet you do the exact same thing." After that, it decreased and then stopped in my presence. I don't know what they did when I wasn't around, but I wasn't going to accept it.
One of D's relatives said once that he couldn't say anything to his sister about her racial views because he isn't going to change her mind, so what is the point? I do understand that you can't be responsible for changing other people's thoughts. But by being silent, you are implying agreement and you are complicit in the behavior. Its not like you have to come to blows over it, you can just say, "I think that what you said is racist and discriminatory and I disagree with you." If enough people would do this, maybe it would make a difference? Maybe they would think about what they are saying before they say it. Maybe they still wouldn't change their minds, but at least the world wouldn't have to hear about it.
But sometimes, I had to learn to shut up, too. One awful memory I have is from being on the light rail train. I was sitting next to a black woman and we were both minding our own business. She had a young child who was standing between her legs. Then a bunch of men got on the train. There was nowhere for them to sit. One of them looked at this woman and said, "Well, it's m---f--- Rosa Parks everywhere now! I guess us whiteys got to go sit on the back of the bus!" I was horrified and pissed. She stared straight ahead. I wanted again, to make my own stupid point so I said, "Why don't you let your son sit in my seat?" And someone else said something to her as well, to the effect of Geez, if I were you, I would say something or complain to the driver. She kept staring ahead and told us both to effectively shut up and let it go. I finally got it. This was a survival issue. First of all, these guys could be scary dangerous, and second of all, you have to pick your battles and you can't fight this shit all day long. Well meaning people say things to me all the time when I tell them some of the things that happen to me throughout my life. This person wouldn't give me a job. These teenagers at a bus stop called me Mrs. Magoo when I walked by. These other lady said I was a danger to my kids or whatnot. If I sued every one of them I would be spending my life in court and confrontation. I can't live like that. And some of that, like these guys on the train, for your own safety you just have to let it go.
White people only think about race when they want to or when they are somehow backed into it. Minorities have to deal with it every day. So although it is all of our issue together, white people have to make a conscious effort to do something about it, whereas many black people can't help but have to deal with it. I think one of the problems with some of the issues that we face today is that too many white people just think it is all okay now. Martin Luther King did his thing and we have the Civil Rights Act and lets just let it go. But they have never put in the required effort and time to really make it all okay.
My probably most controversial view and one that has gotten me into one of the bigger race arguments of my life is the notion that in certain situations, a person of color might be better qualified for a job (all other things being equal) due to his race. Now, of course, in a perfect world, this wouldn't matter. But we do not live in a perfect world. In some jobs, say like welding or something, just having a diverse crew is good enough. But I think in specific jobs that deal with social and cultural and/or policy issues directly affecting people of color, it is an advantage to have a minority in the position. It was with my BIL several years ago where we clashed into an eruption on this issue. I felt that (of course, all other things being equal yadda, yadda) in a position that investigates employment discrimination or in a legal defense attorney position or those types of jobs where they are dealing with serious issues that are directly affected by racial discrimination (either potentially or real) a qualified minority applicant should be chosen over a white male. Sure this is all hypothetical and there never are situations where all things are truly equal, yet I think there is a value added aspect of having experienced being a member of a minority in certain positions of employment.
I think this comes from the "Nothing About Us Without Us" mantra in the disability civil rights movement where disabled people finally started protesting the fact that NOBODY who was in a position to decide their fate, either at the legislative or policy level or at the direct services level, had a disability. This is where the DEAF PRESIDENT NOW! protests from Gaulladet stemmed from. This is why almost all of my instructors in blind rehab were intentionally blind and uncertified (as blind people could not be certified rehab workers at the time.) I have said before, if I did not have a blind orientation and mobility instructor to teach me cane travel, I would not have any of the faith in my skills that I do today. I did have sighted instructors before, but I really learned everything I know from the blind ones. This is why there are lifts and ramps on public buses, because disabled people demanded to be involved in the leadership that made these decisions. There was no disability civil rights movement when the nondisabled were running the show.
I transfer this logic to racial minorities. Is the NAACP run by a white person? Does the congressional black caucus have a white chairperson? Do children in afterschool programs for minority youth walk in to find entirely white staff to work with them? Well, they shouldn't. I'm not saying that a white person cannot categorically be a defense attorney in a county where the majority of the arrestees are Hispanic or be an investigator in the EEOC, I'm just saying that there is a value added component to having a person who is a minority--who is connected to the community in that way--in these positions. When we get to the perfect world where there is no need for an agency that investigates discrimination or when minority arrests are commiserate with the general population, then I'll shut up.
But we are far from a perfect world and I am far from being able to call myself free from racism. I don't understand why people like Mel Gibson or Michael Richards give these bullshit apologies about how they are not racist. Like little racist fairies crawled up their butts one day and took over their vocal cords and made them involuntarily spat out a bunch of racial trash. Like they are looking at an event from outside themselves and they can completely separate from the fact that it was their own racist selves that are responsible. It's like the guy found naked in bed with another woman who cries, "It's not what it looks like!" Or Clinton's "I didn't inhale." Like maybe usually they are OK but their internal censor was just shut down that day. Why don't they just say they are racist? Talk about it. Say they are going to do A,B,C to try to deal with it. And then do it. Maybe then the apology would seem more sincere. And to those that say "Well, the black guy called Michael Richards a cracker!" And all the calls of reverse discrimination and whatnot. I never understood this defense in any context. If A is an asshole too, then B is blameless? Then do we run to mommy and whine, "Well, he started it!" This is all our problem. We all need to take responsibility for it. If we don't, we tend to lose a bit of our own soul.
This is a continuing journey for me and I am far from perfect. I wonder how it will be for my kids and what I can do to help them face the issues. I could be perfect in every aspect of discussing this with them (which I won't be) and buy them every black doll on the planet and I still cannot insulate them from what will become their own learned racism. The media, the community, their government will all affect their views on race. I can only hope that for them and each generation after, it will be better and better. What I hope to do is to teach them to think about it. To admit what they don't understand and to what images their mind cannot hide from. I hope that their hardwiring is a bit easier to circumvent than my own. I hope that with a better world view, they can even teach me a thing or two. I hope that they get to go into a store and buy their children dolls of different races and not have to analyze and justify that decision afterwords. I hope that someday in the future they might read this post and completely laugh at my stupidity and be amazed at the way the world used to be.